Medical Management of Acute Kidney Injury

The medical management of acute kidney injury (AKI) revolves around promptly identifying and addressing the underlying causes while providing supportive care to preserve and restore renal function. This involves targeted interventions such as administering antibiotics for infections, fluid resuscitation to counter hypovolemia, and vasopressors to manage hypotension. Careful management of electrolyte and acid-base imbalances, including addressing hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis, is crucial. Adjustment or discontinuation of nephrotoxic medications is essential, and nutritional support, including protein restriction when necessary, plays a role in optimizing patient outcomes. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) may be initiated in severe cases to manage complications like severe fluid overload or refractory electrolyte disturbances. Continuous monitoring of renal function, electrolytes, and fluid balance, coupled with vigilant complication surveillance, ensures timely interventions. Patient education regarding medication adherence and lifestyle modifications further contributes to the comprehensive approach in mitigating the impact of acute kidney injury.